A trend that has emerged recently is the sharing of child-care responsibilities between husband and wife. Young couples will try to arrange their work schedules so that they work opposite hours or shifts in order that one parent is always home with the children. Since child care is expensive, this saves money for the young couple trying to establish themselves and provide a secure environment for the family. Husband and wife may also share household chores. Some father are just as capable as mothers at cooking dinner, changing and bathing the baby, and doing the laundry.  In some cases, the woman's salary is adequate for family expenses, and the father becomes the "househusband". These cases are still fairly rare. One positive trend, however, is that fathers seem to be spending more time with their children.

  Glass, in one form or another, has long been in noble service to humans. As one of most widely used of manufactured materials, and certainly the most versatile, it can be as a telescope mirror the width of a tennis court or as small and simple as a marble rolling dirt. The uses of adaptable material have been broadened dramatically by new technologies: glass fibre optics - more than eight million miles - carrying telephone and television signals across nations; glass ceramics serving as the nose cones of missiles and as crowns for teeth; tiny glass beads taking radiation doses inside the body to specific organs; even a new type of glass made of nuclear waste in order to dispose of that unwanted material.

Decayed wood can be successfully removed from a tree by an experienced tree surgeon. Often the tree is greatly weakened by the operation, especially if the decayed wood is in the heart of the trees. The process is delicate and can be expensive. In fact, most people do not wish to go to the expense of having decayed wood removed unless tree is extremely beautiful or has ____________.

"The time has come for Japan to make a historical transformation in its traditional policies on economic management and the nation's lifestyle," Prime Minister Yasahiro Makasone declared in April 1986. "Japan must become a bit less competitive internationally," Nakasone said. "Work a little less and play a little more, and spend more, especially on goods from abroad," he suggested to his countrymen. Young Japanese are more inclined to leisure and consumption that their elders, but it is unclear how much such urging as Nakasone's will cause things to change. - or who will benefit if Japanese become __________________.

  ______________ will top the Washington agenda later this fall. That's when Congress and the President face off over new rules letting fewer companies own more media outlets. Much of the debate is centered on television, radio, and newspapers, and who controls the news. The Internet was supported to be an alternative to traditional news outlets. But as Garren Gersh reports, online news is dominated by just a handful of players.

Be a good observer and reactor. Being a good observer and reactor means being (    A    ) and (    B     ) to other people's cues, in both their facial and body language. For example, if you ask somebody if their parents are living in the area and they frown or back off slightly, their visual cues show that you've probably touched a sensitive subject area for them. Perhaps they lost a family member or perhaps they aren't on good terms with their parents, or maybe they feel it's simply none of your business-that you're being too intrusive.

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  In 1967, Yale psychologist Stanley Milgram gave a group of midwesterner's the name and address of a person they didn't know. Then he instructed them to try to send a letter to that person by passing it only through friends. The group members gave their letters to friends, who, in turn, passed them on to their friends.

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Milgram's result was also described as the :small world phenomenon". However, in the years since, Milgram's experiment has not been successfully repeated despite several attempts.

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Also, another psychologist, Judith Keinfeld found flaws in Milgram's methods. Her study of the original research revealed that Milgram recruited especially sociable people rather than a random sampling of individuals.

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On average, Milgram discovered, a letter passed through only five people before it reached its destination. This led him to conclude that everyone in the world is connected by just "six degree of separation."

People worldwide believe certain stereotype about people from other countries. Some stereotypes are positive and some are negative, but all are somewhat dangerous-or untrue-because they are __________________. Although stereotypical ideas are partly right, they are also partly wrong. A stereotype often begins with the word all:"All people from that country are poor." Sometimes the word all is not said, but it is implied(suggested): "The people in this city are impolite." People who believe a certain stereotype usually do so because they lack knowledge.

  Monetary factors influence women to work. Some are employed full-time, some part-time, and some seek creative solutions such as flew-time work schedules and job sharing. Many are single mother raising children by themselves. But in most cases, one income in the household is simply not enough, so both parents must work to support the family.

A backward glance from this side of the new millenium reveals that the role of married women in the U.S. has changed radically since the 1950s and 1960s, when it was taken for granted that they would stay home and raise the children. This is still the image so often portrayed in American movies and advertising. In fact, the traditional combination of the husband as exclusive breadwinner and the wife as a stay-at-home mom caring for one or two children today accounts for only 7 percent of the population in the United States.