서강대05-1

[1-5] Select the word that best completes the sentence.

1. People in our neighborhood opposed a road-building program because they reckoned that its environmental (         ) had not been fully considered.

   ① redemptions             ② ramifications               

   ③ radiations               ④ reactions

2. West Africa has lived for decades with the threat of crop (         ) by locusts.

   ① denunciation             ② detonation 

   ③ devastation             ④ delusion

3. Landlords often try to make more money by (         ) high rents from tenants.

   ① extorting               ② exasperating

   ③ expatriating             ④ exonerating

4.  This TV program contains adult materials and viewers'(         ) is advised.

   ① deception               ② discretion 

   ③ detention               ④ discrimination

5. After the broadcast, we were (          ) with requests for more information.

   ① overhauled              ② diluted   

   ③ proliferated              ④ inundated

[6-10] Identify the word most nearly identical in meaning with that underlined.

6. The man living next door to Jessica is the most hideous looking person I have ever seen.

   ① suspicious              ② repulsive

   ③ hilarious                ④ exultant

7. My former teacher was known as a leading exponent of Freudian psychology.    

   ① critic                   ② dissident

   ③ supporter               ④ deserter

8. I think my brother is very adroit as a negotiator.

   ① skillful                 ② bashful  

   ③ inexperienced            ④ adamant

9. Politicians are well known for being obstinate.

   ① corrupt                 ② unrealistic

   ③ talkative                ④ determined

10. Opponents of nuclear energy have deep misgivings about its safety.

   ① distrust                 ② mischief

   ③ misconception           ④ disenchantment

[11-15] Read the following passage and answer the questions.

  Zoologists have finally answered the intriguing question of why swordfish keep their eyes warm while the rest of the body remains resolutely cold-blooded: it's all the better to see their prey with. Heat-assisted eyes work more than ten times faster than (1)_____ cooled to the coldest deep-sea temperatures of around 3ºC, reports Kerstin Fritsches of the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia. This increased 'temporal resolution' helps swordfish to catch their (2)dinner in the inky depths. Researchers already knew that swordfish can selectively warm their eyes and brains. The fish have a specially adapted heating organ in the muscle next to their tennis-ball-sized eyes, which can raise temperatures in the surrounding tissue some 10-15ºC above that of the water in which the fish is swimming. But heating takes a lot of energy, and until now experts were confused as to why the swordfish goes to (3)the trouble. Heat is lost around 3,000 times more quickly to water than to air, and of the 25,000 or so species of bony fish, only 22 have been found to possess any kind of heating mechanism. Evaluating the benefits of the swordfish's warm eyes has been difficult because the fish live in the remote open ocean, says Fritsches. She had to travel into the middle of the Pacific Ocean, some 1,000 kilometers from Hawaii, to catch swordfish.

11. Why do swordfish warm their eyes?

    ① To scare off their predators.

    ② To catch sight of prey more easily.

    ③ To keep their body cold-blooded.     

    ④ Not to bump into other fish in the dark sea.

12. Choose the best expression to fill in the blank (1).

    ① that                   ② what        ③ as              ④ those

13. Why has it taken so long to explain the function of the swordfish's warm eyes?

    ① Because heat is lost very quickly to water.

    ② Because they live far away from land. 

    ③ Because it takes a lot of energy to catch the fish.

    ④ Because the eyes are too big to measure the temperature.

14. Choose the word that can best replace the underlined (2).

    ① prey                  ② tissue        ③ bony fish        ④ membranes

15. What does the underlined (3)the trouble refer to?

    ① moving ten times faster than other fish.                

    ② living in the remote open ocean.      

    ③ heating its eyes.  

    ④ keeping a heating organ in the muscle.

[16-20] Choose the most appropriate expression to fill in each blank.

16. The scientist can hardly be recognized posthumously, like the artist or poet. He is much less independent, much more bound to the current needs and purposes of the scientific community.

      His achievement of thought needs to be at the same time an achievement of communication and leadership which must be acknowledged by the group before its intellectual viability fades away. It is a perishable achievement. Not many of us know who first cut the trees or cleared the land beside our houses. The scientific explorer, like any pioneer, exists to be _________.

    ① independent      ② achieved           ③ recognized       ④ superseded

17. Substances that provoke allergic reactions are present in many parts of plants, such as grass pollen or apple skin. Although normally harmless, they cause sufferers to generate an immune response as if they had an infection. Symptoms usually include itchy eyes and runny noses, but can be more severe, such as diarrhoea, or even life-threatening. We don't know why otherwise benign proteins cause some people to react in this way. But scientists have found that very different substances from unrelated plants trigger almost _________ allergic responses.

   ① life-threatening          ② harmless          ③ identical           ④ malign

18. SARS is a disease that killed nearly 800 people when it abruptly emerged from China in 2002 and rapidly spread around the world in the first half of 2003. Yet only a handful of isolated outbreaks have been spotted since that initial __________.

   ① vaccine           ② epidemic       ③ study              ④ note

19. "A strike is almost like a nuclear weapon," said Jan Kaeraa Rasmussen of the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions. "We need it to show that we are powerful, but we don't want to use it." A few days earlier, Christian Mahieux, an official with a French labor union, was helping to lead a protest march of rail workers down a Paris boulevard. "The right to strike is one of the fundamental rights we have," Mahieux said. "It's a form of resistance by citizens to show our dissenting opinion." And so these two union members from different corners of the European Union summed up their philosophies: To the Danes, the strike is a weapon of last resort; in France, it is a means of ___________.

    ① survival     ② disavowal   ③ expression         ④ conference

20. For much of Spain's recent history, the siesta made the long days bearable. A routine workday that begins at 9 a.m. and finishes at 8 p.m. can seem somewhat rational if it is broken up by a good nap in the afternoon. Today, long commutes make a trip home for a nap impractical, at least in the major cities. But if the siesta is becoming a thing of the past, it has left a legacy of idle afternoons that is still very much a part of Spanish life. Some Spaniards, however, are beginning to ask if a divided workday, with morning and evening sessions _______ an afternoon of scarce productivity, is compatible with the modern world and Spain's growing integration into Europe.

    ① straddling           ② finishing       ③ dividing         ④ integrating

[21-25] Identify the word that best fits the empty space each time.

Microbes are everywhere humans are. We can (  21  ) completely escape their presence. From the minute we are born, they are our (   22   ) companions, surrounding us and living inside our bodies. Many microbes can cause (   23   ), although most are harmless or actually beneficial to us. They represent a constant (   24   ) to our health and life. Usually infections are contained within small groups or areas. However, sometimes an epidemic will spread out of (   25   ) and rapidly infect a whole population.

21.     ① almost             ② easily           ③ rarely          ④ never

22.     ① direct             ② constant        ③ dreaded         ④ deadly

23.     ① disease            ② dismay         ③ disgrace         ④ distress

24.     ① shadow            ② threat            ③ end           ④ grimace

25.     ① reach               ② mind            ③ control         ④ time

[26-30] Identify the word or words closest in meaning to those underlined in the given text.

26. Malthus believed that unless people exercised restraint in the number of children they had, the inevitable shortfall of food in the face of spiraling population growth would doom mankind to a ceaseless struggle for existence.

    ① unavoidable lack                   ② unprecedented death

    ③ unrivaled diversion                 ④ unforeseeable dearth

27. Darwin realized that the variations he had observed in wild populations would produce some individuals that were slightly better equipped to thrive and reproduce under particular conditions.

    ① flourish and imitate                   ② refresh and promote

    ③ expand and dominate                 ④ prosper and multiply

28. If all that a credit card really does is to serve to give account information and to authenticate your identity, do we really need the card at all?

    ① authorize your personal signature            ② provide proof of who you are